Understanding Local, State Laws on Beekeeping

The best indication that spring beekeeping season has arrived is that the days seem longer because of the time change.

It’s becoming more common for beekeepers to reach out after receiving a code violation notice. In most cases, they’re unaware that their local municipality has ordinances restricting or even banning beekeeping — rules that often go unnoticed until a neighbor complains and alerts code enforcement. When this happens, my first advice is to make sure the beekeeper’s state registration is up to date. It also helps to have the support of neighbors and the local beekeeping association, as community backing can go a long way.

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If you get a violation notice, it’s important to respond quickly and respectfully. Document your efforts to comply and, if possible, contact the inspector to ask questions and talk through a plan. Beekeepers have the right to appeal, and I always recommend doing so. While the process and deadlines vary by town, it’s worth the effort. With some notice, the Pennsylvania State Beekeepers Association can even send a representative to attend the hearing. In most cases, we have been able to help achieve more beekeeper-friendly outcomes.

PSBA has also created a model beekeeping ordinance for municipalities to use. It’s not one-size-fits-all — Pennsylvania’s 67 counties ranging from rural farmland to dense cities — but it provides a flexible starting point that’s regularly updated. While it’s sometimes misunderstood, the model ordinance does not discourage beekeeping. It’s simply a tool that local governments can adopt or adapt.

We also offer a Code of Conduct that outlines best practices for safe and responsible beekeeping. This voluntary guide, developed with the Pennsylvania Department of Agriculture, helps minimize issues with neighbors while still allowing beekeepers to enjoy their hobby. It covers things like hive density and management practices that balance the needs of beekeepers with those of the community.

Nucs rapidly expanding.

Mark Gingrich

Both documents include a suggested education requirement or letter of validation — not as a barrier but as a way to show that the beekeeper has put in the effort to learn the basics. As more towns began including education in their ordinances, we wanted to make sure there was a fair and consistent standard across the state.

These resources are practical, easy to use, and — most importantly — they work. Following the Code of Conduct has helped many beekeepers avoid violations and forced hive removals. Not every backyard is right for 20 hives, and it’s a challenge to support everyone from hobbyists to commercial operations. But with smart policies, responsible practices, and open communication, we can continue supporting beekeeping at all levels across Pennsylvania.