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"변화 촉진: "변화 촉매: 신흥 경제국의 기후 전환에서 민간 금융의 중요한 역할"

 

요약: 이 글에서는 2050년까지 순배출량 제로를 목표로 하는 신흥 경제국의 기후 전환 목표를 달성하기 위해 민간 자금 조달을 늘려야 할 필요성을 강조합니다. 민간 투자 유치, 석탄 발전으로부터의 전환, 금융 정책과 기후 목표의 연계, 지속가능성 증진과 관련된 과제와 잠재적 해결 방안에 대해 논의합니다.

"변화 촉진: "변화 촉매: 신흥 경제국의 기후 전환에서 민간 금융의 중요한 역할"

긴급한 글로벌 기후 전환의 벼랑 끝에 서 있는 지금, 신흥 경제국에 대한 관심이 집중되고 있습니다. 이들 국가는 현재 전 세계 온실가스의 3분의 2를 배출하고 있으며, 2050년까지 순배출량 제로를 달성하는 데 있어 중추적인 역할을 담당하고 있습니다. 이 야심찬 목표를 달성하기 위해서는 2030년까지 연간 약 2조 달러가 필요하며, 이 중 대부분은 에너지 부문에 투자되어야 하는데, 이는 현재의 기후 투자보다 5배 증가한 수치입니다. 이러한 급격한 변화는 민간 금융의 역할 강화에 달려 있습니다.

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공공 투자만으로는 이 거대한 공백을 메울 수 없으므로 민간 부문의 참여가 필수적입니다. 글로벌 금융 안정성 보고서 분석에 따르면 민간 부문이 필요한 투자의 80%에 달하는 막대한 금액을 기여해야 하며, 중국을 제외하면 90%까지 늘어날 것으로 예상됩니다.

기후-전환과-민간금융



중국과 같은 경제 규모가 큰 국가는 국내 금융 자원이 풍부하지만, 많은 신흥국에는 상당한 민간 투자를 유치할 수 있는 성숙한 금융 시장이 부족합니다. 이들 국가에는 투자적격 신용 등급이 부족하고 관련 리스크에 익숙하지 않기 때문에 해외 투자자들은 추가적인 장애물에 직면해 있습니다.

전 세계 온실가스 배출의 주요 원인인 석탄 발전소를 단계적으로 폐지해야 하는 중대한 과제가 있습니다. 신흥 경제국의 발전소 대부분은 비교적 최근에 지어졌기 때문에 폐쇄 또는 용도 변경을 위해 상당한 민간 투자와 공공 지원이 필요합니다. 이러한 전환은 석탄에 크게 의존하는 국가에서 특히 시급합니다.

그러나 전 세계가 기후 행동을 촉구하고 있음에도 불구하고 대부분의 주요 은행의 기후 정책은 배출량 감축 의지가 있음에도 불구하고 탄소중립 목표에 부합하지 못하는 경우가 많습니다. 투자 펀드의 영역에서 지속가능성에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있지만 기후 금융에 미치는 영향은 여전히 제한적입니다. 이러한 펀드의 상당수는 포트폴리오 결정 시 ESG(환경, 사회, 기업 지배구조) 점수만 고려할 뿐 기후 영향은 뒷전으로 밀려나 있습니다.

게다가 중저소득 및 저소득 국가는 환경적으로 건전한 정책에 대한 인정을 충분히 받지 못하는 경우가 많습니다. 신용평가 기관은 저탄소 전환에 대한 준비 상태나 탄화수소와 관련된 좌초 자산 위험에 대한 노출을 간과하는 경향이 있습니다. 금융 업계는 환경 문제와 관련하여 우수한 주권 성과를 정의하는 데 어려움을 겪고 있습니다.

⬇️자세한 내용과 비슷한 글⬇️

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