기후 리더십: 세계 무대에서의 부재와 야망

최근 뉴욕에서 개최된 유엔 총회의 핵심 행사인 기후변화협약 당사국총회(CAS)가 9월 21일 막을 내렸지만, 전 세계 온실가스 배출량의 미래에 상당한 영향력을 행사하는 주요 국가들의 불참으로 큰 공백을 남겼습니다. 특히 전 세계 온실가스 배출량의 약 42%를 차지하는 중국, 미국, 인도는 이 중요한 행사에 참여하지 않기로 결정했습니다. 이 세 나라는 전 세계에서 온실가스를 가장 많이 배출하는 국가입니다.

파리협정에 명시된 1.5°C 목표를 유지하고 기후 위기로 가장 큰 영향을 받는 사람들에게 기후 정의를 실현하기 위해 신뢰할 수 있는 행동, 정책 및 계획을 적극적으로 추구하는 지도자들을 소개하기 위해 유엔이 주최한 이번 행사에는 제한된 인원이 참가했습니다. 정상회의를 앞두고 안토니오 구테흐스 사무총장의 기후 행동 강화 요청에 응답한 약 100명의 국가 정상 중 34개 국가와 7개 기관의 대표에게만 연설 기회가 주어졌습니다.

인도의 이웃 국가인 스리랑카, 네팔, 파키스탄을 비롯해 남아프리카공화국과 브라질 같은 신흥 경제국도 연설자로 선정되었습니다. 유럽연합, 독일, 프랑스, 캐나다와 같은 주요 국가들도 글로벌 기후 무대에서 목소리를 냈습니다.

정상회의에서 발언권을 확보하기 위해 각국은 글래스고에서 합의한 대로 업데이트된 2030년 이전 국가결정기여금, 넷제로 목표, 석탄, 석유, 가스 단계적 퇴출 약속이 포함된 에너지 전환 계획, 화석 연료 제거 전략, 야심찬 재생 에너지 목표, 녹색기후기금 약속, 적응과 회복력을 위한 경제 전반의 포괄적 계획을 제시하는 등 특정 기준을 충족해야 했습니다. 모든 주요 배출국, 특히 G-20 정부는 2025년까지 절대적인 배출량 감축과 모든 온실가스를 포괄하는 보다 야심찬 경제 전반의 국가결정기여를 제시할 것을 약속하도록 장려되었습니다.

#기후행동, #기후리더십, #파리협정, #글로벌배출량, #UN기후정상회의, #기후위기, #인도기후서약, #환경뉴스, #기후정의, #탄소배출량, #넷제로목표

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